Q: Which equation correctly represents the relationship between body mass and water content in cells?

$$\text{Water content} = \text{Body mass} \times 0.6$$

Q: Which equation best represents the movement of water during osmosis?

$$\text{Water moves from low solute concentration to high solute concentration}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the plasma membrane in a human cell?

Accepted Answer

It separates cytoplasm from extracellular fluid, controlling entry and exit of substances.

Question 2

Which component of the plasma membrane is primarily responsible for cell-to-cell recognition?

Accepted Answer

Glycocalyx

Question 3

A patient is experiencing dehydration. Which extracellular fluid compartment is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Blood plasma

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why cholesterol is important in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

It stiffens the membrane and maintains fluidity.

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between body mass and water content in cells?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water content} = 	ext{Body mass} 	imes 0.6$$

Question 6

Which type of membrane protein is most likely to function as a channel for ions?

Accepted Answer

Integral protein

Question 7

A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell as water enters the cell.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport of molecules through membrane proteins down their concentration gradient.

Question 9

Which cell junction prevents molecules from passing through the extracellular space between neighboring cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of gap junctions in cardiac muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Allowing direct passage of ions and small molecules for electrical signaling

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails

Question 12

A researcher observes that glucose cannot pass directly through the phospholipid bilayer but can enter cells rapidly. Which transport mechanism is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion via carrier proteins

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 14

Which equation best represents the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water moves from low solute concentration to high solute concentration}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of integral proteins in signal transduction?

Accepted Answer

They use G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) to initiate intracellular pathways.

Question 16

Which of the following extracellular materials is most abundant in blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

Water

Question 17

A mutation causes a cell to lack desmosomes. Which tissue would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue subject to mechanical stress

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why polar molecules cannot easily pass through the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

The hydrophobic core of the phospholipid bilayer repels polar molecules.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of simple diffusion in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen moving from alveoli into blood capillaries

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the glycocalyx in immune response?

Accepted Answer

It enables cells to recognize each other and communicate.

Cell Structure, Membrane Function, and Transport Mechanisms in Anatomy & Physiology

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