Q: Which equation correctly represents the calculation of the resting membrane potential ($$V_m) $$using the Nernst equation for a single ion?

$$V_m = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \frac{[\text{ion outside}]}{[\text{ion inside}]}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of phospholipids in the plasma membrane according to the fluid mosaic model?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids are arranged in a bilayer with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and may burst due to water influx.

Question 3

Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 5

Which of the following best describes active transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from low to high concentration using ATP

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of the resting membrane potential ($$V_m) $$using the Nernst equation for a single ion?

Accepted Answer

$$V_m = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \frac{[	ext{ion outside}]}{[	ext{ion inside}]}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a nitrogenous base and its complementary base in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with thymine

Question 8

Which process involves the engulfing of large particles by a cell, forming a vesicle?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct definition of a codon?

Accepted Answer

A three-nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid

Question 11

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypertonic compared to their blood plasma. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will shrink due to water leaving the cell.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of cellular waste and foreign material

Question 13

Which of the following is true about facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It moves molecules down their concentration gradient using transport proteins.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of a mutation?

Accepted Answer

A permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a type of endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi complex?

Accepted Answer

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct definition of an amphipathic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule that has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the three main steps in both transcription and translation?

Accepted Answer

Initiation, elongation, termination

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

It refers to the difference in solute concentration across a membrane.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct definition of an anticode?

Accepted Answer

A three-nucleotide sequence on tRNA that pairs with a codon on mRNA

Cell Structure, Membrane Transport, and Protein Synthesis: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

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