Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the cell membrane in maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 2

A patient is unable to sweat due to a genetic disorder. Which homeostatic mechanism is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Body temperature regulation

Question 3

Negative feedback loops are essential for homeostasis. Which scenario best illustrates a negative feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Blood sugar rises, pancreas releases insulin to lower it.

Question 4

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP energy for cellular activities?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 5

A cell is observed to have a large number of ribosomes attached to its endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis and secretion

Question 6

Which tissue type is most likely to undergo rapid mitosis and repair after injury?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 7

A tumor is found to be encapsulated, localized, and does not invade other tissues. What type of tumor is this?

Accepted Answer

Benign tumor

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Filtration of substances from the blood

Question 9

Simple squamous epithelium is best suited for which function?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diffusion of substances

Question 10

Which surface specialization increases the surface area for absorption in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Question 11

A cell is observed to have a well-developed cytoskeleton. Which function is most likely enhanced in this cell?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular transport of materials

Question 12

Which of the following equations correctly represents the number of chromosomes in daughter cells after mitosis?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{daughter} = N_{parent}$$

Question 13

Which tissue type is primarily responsible for transmitting information via electrical and chemical signals?

Accepted Answer

Nervous tissue

Question 14

A patient presents with a fast-growing tumor that has irregular borders and has spread to distant organs. Which term best describes this tumor?

Accepted Answer

Malignant

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Question 16

Which organelle works together with the nucleus to produce, package, and ship proteins and lipids?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why muscle and nervous tissues have limited repair capacity?

Accepted Answer

They generally do not undergo mitosis in adults.

Question 18

Which equation best represents the relationship between homeostasis and negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta X \rightarrow -\Delta X$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a key difference between benign and malignant tumors?

Accepted Answer

Malignant tumors can metastasize; benign tumors remain localized.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the cytoplasm in a cell?

Accepted Answer

It is the workspace of the cell, containing organelles and cytosol.

Cell Structure, Tissue Types, and Mitosis: Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions