Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Fluid Mosaic Model of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A flexible structure where membrane constituents such as phospholipids and some proteins can move laterally, and proteins are distributed like tiles in a mosaic.

Question 2

A mutation causes a cell to produce a plasma membrane lacking cholesterol. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell membrane will become less stable and more susceptible to changes in fluidity.

Question 3

Which of the following correctly matches the organelle with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion – ATP production

Question 4

A cell is observed to have an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Which of the following is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of secretory and membrane proteins

Question 5

Which of the following statements about membrane proteins is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Integral proteins have hydrophobic regions and may function as channels or receptors.

Question 6

A patient has a genetic disorder affecting the formation of microtubules. Which of the following cellular processes is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Formation of the spindle apparatus during cell division

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why microvilli are abundant on the cells lining the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

They increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients.

Question 8

A scientist observes a cell with a large number of free ribosomes. Which of the following is the most likely destination for the proteins synthesized by these ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Function within the cytosol, mitochondria, or nucleus

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized and ribosomes are assembled.

Question 10

A cell is unable to digest worn-out organelles and bacteria. Which organelle is most likely defective?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin is uncoiled and not individually visible, present most of the time, while chromosomes are condensed and visible during cell division.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of membrane carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Cell recognition and anchoring cells together

Question 13

A cell is observed to have a defective spindle apparatus during mitosis. Which cellular structure is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Centrosome

Question 14

Which of the following correctly matches the cytoskeletal element with its function?

Accepted Answer

Microtubules – form cilia and flagella

Question 15

A cell is unable to synthesize lipids and steroid hormones. Which organelle is most likely defective?

Accepted Answer

Smooth ER

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the nuclear envelope contains pores?

Accepted Answer

To allow the passage of ribosomes into the cytoplasm

Question 17

A cell is observed to have an unusually high number of lysosomes. Which of the following is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of foreign particles and cellular debris

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the Golgi apparatus in protein processing?

Accepted Answer

It modifies, sorts, packages, and delivers proteins to their destinations.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of actin microfilaments in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Muscle contraction and cell locomotion

Question 20

A cell is unable to anchor its membrane proteins properly, leading to loss of cell shape and impaired signaling. Which cellular structure is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Cytoskeleton

Cellular Level of Organization: Structure and Function of the Cell

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