Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic bilayer of phospholipids with proteins and carbohydrates that can move past each other within the membrane.

Question 2

What is the primary function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

To help keep the membrane fluid consistent and stable.

Question 3

Which component of the plasma membrane is most directly involved in cell recognition?

Accepted Answer

Glycoproteins

Question 4

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell by osmosis. Which of the following best explains this process?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from an area of lower concentration to higher concentration of solute.

Question 5

Which equation best represents the calculation of osmotic pressure ($\Pi$) in a solution?

Accepted Answer

$\Pi = iMRT$

Question 6

Which type of plasma membrane protein is responsible for facilitating the movement of ions across the membrane?

Accepted Answer

Transport (channel/carrier) proteins

Question 7

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder affecting the structure of their cytoskeleton. Which cellular function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport

Question 8

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 9

Which organelle is primarily responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 10

A cell is observed to have a large number of ribosomes attached to its endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis for export

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between passive and active transport across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient without energy input, while active transport moves substances against their gradient using ATP.

Question 12

Which process involves the engulfing of large particles by the cell membrane to form a vesicle?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of membrane carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Cell recognition and adhesion

Question 14

A diploid cell ($2N$) undergoes mitosis. What is the chromosome number in each daughter cell after division?

Accepted Answer

$2N$

Question 15

Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes and is involved in breaking down cellular waste?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

It controls cellular activities and contains genetic material.

Question 17

Which type of junction allows for direct communication between adjacent cells, such as in cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 18

A cell is observed to have a high rate of active transport. Which equation best describes the energy requirement for moving ions against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

$\Delta G = RT \ln \left( \dfrac{[C]_2}{[C]_1} \right) + zF\Delta \Psi$

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of plasma membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of ATP

Question 20

During cell division, which structure is responsible for organizing the mitotic spindle?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Cellular Level of Organization: Structure and Function of the Cell Membrane

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