Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a common feature of all cells?

Accepted Answer

They have a cell wall.

Question 2

The plasma membrane is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A fluid mosaic of proteins embedded in a double layer of phospholipids.

Question 3

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 4

Which component of the plasma membrane acts as an ID tag for cell recognition and binding?

Accepted Answer

Glycoproteins

Question 5

In the phospholipid bilayer, the hydrophilic heads face ______ and the hydrophobic tails face ______.

Accepted Answer

outwards; inwards

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why the plasma membrane is called a 'fluid mosaic'?

Accepted Answer

It is a combination of diverse elements that can move laterally within the layer.

Question 7

Which type of cellular junction forms a watertight seal between cells, such as in the bladder or kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 8

A scientist observes a cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. This cell is most likely:

Accepted Answer

A eukaryotic cell

Question 9

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 10

What is the main function of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

It is the site of ribosome assembly.

Question 12

Which cytoskeletal component is primarily responsible for changes in cell shape?

Accepted Answer

Microfilaments

Question 13

A mutation causes a cell to lose its ability to form gap junctions. Which tissue function would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of electrical impulses in cardiac muscle

Question 14

Which organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

It strengthens the bilayer and helps maintain flexibility.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol synthesis and detoxification of harmful substances

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why plant cells and animal cells are both classified as eukaryotic?

Accepted Answer

Both contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 18

A cell is observed to have a large number of lysosomes. Which function is this cell likely specialized for?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of non-usable materials within the cell

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of desmosomes?

Accepted Answer

They anchor cells together, allowing small molecules to pass between them.

Question 20

Which of the following equations best represents the process of cellular respiration that occurs in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Cellular Structure: Anatomy and Physiology of the Cell

Study Guide - Practice Questions