Question 1

Which of the following best describes the plasma membrane's role in cellular transport?

Accepted Answer

It is a selectively permeable barrier, permitting some materials to pass while excluding others.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell, and why?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst because water enters the cell.

Question 3

Which equation best represents the relationship between the rate of diffusion ($$R) $$and the concentration gradient ($$\Delta C$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$R = k \cdot \Delta C$$

Question 4

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that:

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion uses channel or carrier proteins to transport substances.

Question 5

Which of the following substances is most likely to cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 6

A patient receives an intravenous solution that is hypertonic compared to their blood cells. What is the expected effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will shrink as water leaves.

Question 7

Which process requires energy input from ATP to move substances across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 8

The sodium-potassium pump moves ions against their concentration gradients. For each ATP hydrolyzed, how many sodium and potassium ions are transported, and in which direction?

Accepted Answer

3 sodium ions out of the cell, 2 potassium ions into the cell

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why water moves across cell membranes during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from areas of low solute concentration to areas of high solute concentration.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the rate of diffusion across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

ATP availability

Question 11

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will remain unchanged because water movement is balanced.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about secondary active transport (cotransport) is correct?

Accepted Answer

One solute moves down its concentration gradient, providing energy for another solute to move against its gradient.

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-life example of facilitated diffusion in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Glucose entering muscle cells via a carrier protein

Question 14

Which equation best represents the relationship between kinetic energy ($$KE) $$and temperature ($$T) $$for molecules?

Accepted Answer

$$KE \propto T$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about vesicular transport is true?

Accepted Answer

It moves substances in bulk across the membrane using vesicles.

Question 16

A cell is actively secreting hormones. Which transport mechanism is most likely being used?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the movement of oxygen from the lungs into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion down its concentration gradient

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the phases of matter and molecular kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

Molecules in gases have the most kinetic energy.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Cellular Transport: Mechanisms of Movement Across the Plasma Membrane

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