Question 1

Which process describes the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell, and why?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink because water leaves the cell.

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for producing the majority of ATP in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 4

If a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, what is the net movement of water across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

There is no net movement of water.

Question 5

Which part of the microscope is used to move the slide forward and backward?

Accepted Answer

Lower mechanical stage knob

Question 6

A scientist wants to focus on a specimen with sharp detail. Which microscope part should they use for fine, detailed focusing?

Accepted Answer

Fine adjustment knob

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 8

What is the minimum pressure needed to prevent the movement of solvent across a semi-permeable membrane called?

Accepted Answer

Osmotic pressure

Question 9

Which formula best represents the relationship for osmotic pressure ($\Pi$) in terms of solute concentration ($C$), gas constant ($R$), and temperature ($T$)?

Accepted Answer

$\Pi = CRT$

Question 10

A cell is exposed to a solution with a lower solute concentration than its cytoplasm. What type of solution is this, and what is the expected effect on the cell?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic; cell swells

Question 11

Which organelle contains enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 12

Which part of the microscope increases and decreases the intensity of light from the lamp?

Accepted Answer

Brightness control knob

Question 13

Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 14

A patient receives intravenous fluids that are hypotonic compared to their blood plasma. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will swell and may burst due to water gain.

Question 15

Which structure in the cell is responsible for organizing microtubules during cell division?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Question 16

Which process involves the random movement of substances due to their kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

Brownian motion

Question 17

Which part of the microscope supports the objective lenses and allows them to be rotated into position?

Accepted Answer

Revolving nose piece

Question 18

Which organelle is responsible for metabolizing certain chemicals and breaking down fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Question 19

Which part of the microscope is used to concentrate light onto the specimen?

Accepted Answer

Condenser

Question 20

Which organelle is the biosynthetic center of the cell, directing the production of nearly all the cell's proteins?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Cellular Transport, Microscopy, and Cell Structure: Week 1 Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards