Question 1

During embryonic brain development, which primary brain vesicle gives rise to both the thalamus and hypothalamus in the adult brain?

Accepted Answer

Diencephalon

Question 2

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the precentral gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere. Which of the following deficits is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Loss of voluntary motor control on the right side of the body

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

Acts as a relay station and filter for sensory information to the cerebral cortex

Question 4

Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres and allows for communication between them?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 5

A lesion in Broca’s area would most likely result in which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty producing speech

Question 6

Which of the following statements about gray and white matter in the CNS is correct?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter contains neuron cell bodies and is found in the cortex of the cerebrum

Question 7

Damage to the posterior association area of the cerebral cortex would most likely impair which function?

Accepted Answer

Recognition of faces and understanding language

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of the basal nuclei?

Accepted Answer

Filter out inappropriate motor responses and regulate intensity of movements

Question 9

A patient presents with loss of balance and coordination. Which brain region is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Regulates autonomic nervous system functions such as heart rate and body temperature

Question 11

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why damage to the left hemisphere often results in language deficits?

Accepted Answer

The left hemisphere is dominant for language in most people

Question 13

Which of the following structures is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexus

Question 14

A patient is unable to recognize objects by touch, even though their sense of touch is intact. Which area of the brain is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Somatosensory association cortex

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the brain ventricles?

Accepted Answer

Lateral ventricles → interventricular foramen → third ventricle → cerebral aqueduct → fourth ventricle

Question 16

Which of the following fiber types connects the gray matter of the two cerebral hemispheres?

Accepted Answer

Commissural fibers

Question 17

A patient with a tumor in the pineal gland may have difficulty with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Regulating sleep-wake cycles

Question 18

Which equation best represents the relationship between the volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produced, reabsorbed, and present in the CNS at steady state?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{produced} = V_{reabsorbed}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the anterior association area (prefrontal cortex)?

Accepted Answer

Conscious awareness of balance

Question 20

A patient is unable to perceive the position of their head in space. Which cortical area is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Vestibular cortex

Central Nervous System: Structure and Function (Chapter 12 Study Guide)

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