Question 1

Which embryonic brain vesicle gives rise to the cerebral hemispheres in the adult brain?

Accepted Answer

Telencephalon

Question 2

Cephalization in the evolution of the central nervous system refers to:

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary increase in the number of neurons in the anterior portion of the CNS

Question 3

Which of the following correctly matches a secondary brain vesicle with its adult derivative?

Accepted Answer

Diencephalon — thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, and retina

Question 4

During embryonic development, the brain grows faster than the membranous skull. What is the functional significance of the resulting folds?

Accepted Answer

They allow the brain to increase its surface area for more neurons

Question 5

Which structure is NOT part of the diencephalon?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 6

The central cavity of the spinal cord is surrounded by ______, while the external region is composed of ______.

Accepted Answer

gray matter; white matter

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

It is a thin layer of gray matter and is the site of conscious mind

Question 8

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the precentral gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere. Which deficit is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Loss of voluntary movement on the right side of the body

Question 9

Which lobe of the cerebral hemisphere is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 10

The primary somatosensory cortex is located in which part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the premotor cortex?

Accepted Answer

It helps plan movements and coordinates learned, patterned motor skills

Question 12

Broca's area is most closely associated with which function?

Accepted Answer

Directing muscles of speech production

Question 13

Which of the following surface markings separates the two cerebral hemispheres?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal fissure

Question 14

The lateral ventricles of the brain are located in which region?

Accepted Answer

Cerebral hemispheres

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the somatosensory association cortex?

Accepted Answer

Integrating sensory input to determine size, texture, and relationship of objects

Question 16

Damage to the primary visual cortex would most likely result in:

Accepted Answer

Loss of conscious visual perception

Question 17

Which statement about the organization of the CNS is correct?

Accepted Answer

The cortex is the outer gray matter of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a lobe of the cerebral hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellar

Question 19

Which cell type lines the ventricles of the brain and helps circulate cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 20

A lesion in the postcentral gyrus would most likely affect which function?

Accepted Answer

Conscious sensory perception

Central Nervous System: Structure, Development, and Functional Organization

Study Guide - Practice Questions