Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of complementarity of structure and function in human anatomy?

Accepted Answer

The structure of a body part is directly related to its function, and changes in structure can affect how it works.

Question 2

A patient presents with a hiatal hernia, where part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity. Which anatomical concept does this scenario best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

The importance of anatomical boundaries in maintaining organ position and function.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature by sweating when overheated.

Question 4

A patient with pleurisy experiences pain due to inflammation of the pleural membranes. What is the primary function of these membranes under normal conditions?

Accepted Answer

To provide a smooth, friction-reducing surface between the lungs and chest wall.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Standing upright, feet slightly apart, arms at sides, palms facing forward.

Question 6

Which imaging technique is most appropriate for visualizing soft tissues, such as the brain, without exposing the patient to ionizing radiation?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a necessary life function for humans?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 8

A patient is unable to maintain a stable internal body temperature when exposed to cold environments. Which component of the homeostatic control system is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Control center

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why negative feedback is important physiologically?

Accepted Answer

It maintains homeostasis by reversing deviations from a set point.

Question 10

A patient with heartburn is experiencing irritation of the esophagus due to stomach acid. Which anatomical structure is failing to maintain its boundary function?

Accepted Answer

Lower esophageal sphincter

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of serous membranes in body cavities?

Accepted Answer

They provide a double-layered, friction-reducing surface around organs.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct example of a homeostatic imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Development of pleurisy due to infection.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the components of a homeostatic control system?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Control center → Effector

Question 14

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of a positive feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Release of oxytocin to intensify uterine contractions during labor.

Question 15

A patient is experiencing difficulty breathing due to rough, inflamed pleural membranes. Which of the following best explains the physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

Increased friction between the lungs and chest wall, causing pain during respiration.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for human survival?

Accepted Answer

Direct sunlight

Question 17

Which imaging technique is most useful for detecting metabolic activity in tissues, such as identifying cancerous growths?

Accepted Answer

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between anatomical planes and medical imaging?

Accepted Answer

Medical imaging often uses anatomical planes (such as sagittal, coronal, and transverse) to create cross-sectional views of the body.

Question 19

A patient is lying on their back with their palms facing upward. Which anatomical term best describes this position?

Accepted Answer

Supine

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why anatomical terminology is important in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

It allows for precise and unambiguous communication about body structures and locations.

Chapter 01: The Human Body – An Orientation (BMS 507)

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