Question 1

Which principle explains why the structure of the heart's muscular walls is essential for its function of pumping blood throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Principle of complementarity of structure and function

Question 2

A patient presents with a hiatal hernia, where part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity. Which body cavity is directly affected by this condition?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic cavity

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies how they work.

Question 4

Which feedback mechanism is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels after a meal?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback

Question 5

During labor, the release of oxytocin increases uterine contractions, which in turn stimulates more oxytocin release. What type of feedback is this?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 6

Which level of structural organization is defined as a group of similar cells performing a common function?

Accepted Answer

Tissue level

Question 7

A midsagittal plane divides the body into which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Equal right and left halves

Question 8

Which organ system is primarily responsible for removing metabolic waste products such as urea and carbon dioxide from the body?

Accepted Answer

Excretory system

Question 9

If a person’s body temperature drops below 37°C, which physiological process is most likely to be affected first?

Accepted Answer

Chemical reaction rates (metabolism)

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a necessary life function for humans?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 11

A cross section of the body is produced by cutting along which plane?

Accepted Answer

Transverse (horizontal) plane

Question 12

Which serous membrane directly covers the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pericardium

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of a receptor in a homeostatic control system?

Accepted Answer

It monitors the environment and responds to stimuli.

Question 14

Which abdominopelvic quadrant contains the majority of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Question 15

Which of the following is a survival need that is essential for the release of energy from food?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 16

A patient with peritonitis is experiencing inflammation of which serous membrane?

Accepted Answer

Peritoneum

Question 17

Which organ system is most directly responsible for maintaining boundaries between the internal and external environments of the body?

Accepted Answer

Integumentary system

Question 18

Which anatomical term describes a structure that is farther from the point of attachment to the body trunk?

Accepted Answer

Distal

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a microscopic anatomical study?

Accepted Answer

Observing the organization of cells in a tissue sample

Question 20

If the negative feedback mechanisms in the body become overwhelmed, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Destructive positive feedback mechanisms may take over

Chapter 1: The Human Body – An Orientation (Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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