Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

Accepted Answer

Function always reflects structure, and what a structure can do depends on its specific form.

Question 2

A patient presents with a hiatal hernia, where part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity. Which body cavity is directly affected by this condition?

Accepted Answer

Ventral body cavity

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 4

A scientist is studying the microscopic structure of tissues. Which branch of anatomy is she practicing?

Accepted Answer

Histology

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates the correct order of structural organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism

Question 6

A patient is unable to maintain a stable internal body temperature. Which necessary life function is most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a survival need for humans?

Accepted Answer

High atmospheric pressure

Question 8

A cross section of the body that divides it into superior and inferior parts is made along which plane?

Accepted Answer

Transverse (horizontal) plane

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of serous membranes in the ventral body cavity?

Accepted Answer

They secrete serous fluid to reduce friction between organs.

Question 10

A patient has inflammation of the peritoneum. Which organ system is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Digestive system

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of effectors in a homeostatic control system?

Accepted Answer

They provide the means to respond to a stimulus.

Question 12

A patient is experiencing heart failure due to the overwhelming of negative feedback mechanisms. Which type of feedback is now likely dominating?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of maintaining boundaries as a necessary life function?

Accepted Answer

The skin preventing bacteria from entering the body

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, thumbs pointing away from body

Question 15

A midsagittal (median) plane divides the body into:

Accepted Answer

Equal right and left halves

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Allowing movement of body parts via skeletal muscles

Question 17

A patient is unable to sense and respond to stimuli. Which necessary life function is most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Responsiveness

Question 18

Which of the following best describes metabolism?

Accepted Answer

All chemical reactions that occur in body cells, including catabolism and anabolism

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of positive feedback in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin

Question 20

A patient has a stab wound that passes through the skin, muscle, and into the abdominal cavity. Which serous membrane will be penetrated last?

Accepted Answer

Visceral peritoneum

Chapter 1: The Human Body – An Orientation (Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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