Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of complementarity of structure and function in human anatomy?

Accepted Answer

The structure of a body part is directly related to its function, and each enables the other.

Question 2

A histologist is most likely to study which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The microscopic structure of tissues

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 4

A patient is unable to maintain a stable internal body temperature. Which life function is most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the transverse (horizontal) plane?

Accepted Answer

Divides the body into superior and inferior parts

Question 6

A scientist is studying the chemical reactions that occur within individual cells. Which branch of physiology is most relevant to this research?

Accepted Answer

Cellular physiology

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a necessary life function?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 8

If a person is standing in the standard anatomical position, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The body is erect, feet slightly apart, and palms facing forward

Question 9

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of maintaining boundaries as a necessary life function?

Accepted Answer

The skin preventing the entry of pathogens into the body

Question 10

A patient has a disease that impairs the function of their plasma membranes, making them leaky. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Cells will lose the ability to maintain internal conditions distinct from the external environment

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of the control center in a homeostatic control system?

Accepted Answer

It determines the set point and processes input from the receptor to determine the appropriate response

Question 12

A person is experiencing rapid blood loss from a wound. Platelets begin to adhere to the site and release chemicals that attract more platelets, forming a plug. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of the levels of structural organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal

Question 14

A patient is unable to excrete urea efficiently. Which organ system is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 15

Which of the following statements about homeostatic imbalance is correct?

Accepted Answer

It increases the risk of disease and is associated with aging.

Question 16

Which directional term would best describe the relationship of the heart to the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Medial

Question 17

A cross-section of the body is made at a 45° angle to the vertical axis. This type of section is called:

Accepted Answer

Oblique section

Question 18

Which of the following survival needs is most directly involved in the release of energy from food molecules?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 19

A person is unable to sense and respond to changes in their environment. Which necessary life function is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Responsiveness

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the body needs to maintain a normal body temperature of approximately $37^\circ C$?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that all chemical reactions occur at optimal rates

Chapter 1: The Human Body – An Orientation (Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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