Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

Accepted Answer

Function always reflects structure; what a structure can do depends on its specific form.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing difficulty breathing due to inflammation of the serous membrane surrounding the lungs. Which serous membrane is affected, and what is the likely condition?

Accepted Answer

Pleura; pleurisy

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin

Question 4

A transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body into which of the following sections?

Accepted Answer

Superior and inferior

Question 5

Which organ system is primarily responsible for eliminating nitrogenous wastes and regulating water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 6

If a person is standing in the standard anatomical position, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The body is erect, feet slightly apart, and the palms face forward with thumbs pointing away from the body.

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose levels are maintained within a narrow range despite changes in dietary intake.

Question 8

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of structural organization in the human body from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 9

A patient has a stab wound that penetrates the parietal peritoneum but not the visceral peritoneum. Which structure has been damaged?

Accepted Answer

The membrane lining the abdominal wall

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a necessary life function?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 11

A patient is diagnosed with a tumor in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdominopelvic cavity. Which organ is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Question 12

Which directional term best describes the relationship of the elbow to the wrist?

Accepted Answer

Proximal

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Returns leaked fluid to blood and houses immune cells

Question 14

A midsagittal plane divides the body into:

Accepted Answer

Equal right and left halves

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Forms the external body covering, protects deeper tissues, synthesizes vitamin D

Question 17

A patient presents with peritonitis. Which cavity and serous membrane are involved?

Accepted Answer

Abdominopelvic cavity; peritoneum

Question 18

Which of the following is a survival need, but can be harmful in excess or deficiency?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 19

A patient is experiencing a homeostatic imbalance. Which of the following is a possible consequence if negative feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed?

Accepted Answer

Destructive positive feedback mechanisms may take over, leading to conditions such as heart failure

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between gross (macroscopic) and microscopic anatomy?

Accepted Answer

Gross anatomy studies structures visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy studies structures too small to be seen without magnification.

Chapter 1: The Human Body – An Orientation (Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards