Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the principle of complementarity of structure and function in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The structure of the heart valves allows blood to flow in only one direction, supporting efficient circulation.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing difficulty with gas exchange in the lungs. Which survival need is most directly compromised?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The release of oxytocin during labor, which intensifies uterine contractions.

Question 4

A researcher discovers a new sensory receptor that detects increasing oxygen concentrations in the blood. According to negative feedback principles, what is the most likely response to stimulation of this receptor?

Accepted Answer

A decrease in respiratory rate

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward

Question 6

A surgeon makes a cut that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts. Which plane is this?

Accepted Answer

Frontal (coronal) plane

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a necessary life function?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 8

Which organ system is primarily responsible for communication via hormones to maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine system

Question 9

A patient has a stab wound that penetrates the parietal pericardium. Which structure is most likely to be affected next?

Accepted Answer

Serous fluid in the pericardial cavity

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the relationship between homeostatic imbalance and disease?

Accepted Answer

Homeostatic imbalance increases the risk of disease and contributes to aging.

Question 11

A patient is experiencing pain in the right lower quadrant (RLQ) of the abdominopelvic cavity. Which organ is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Appendix

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of serous membranes?

Accepted Answer

They reduce friction between organs by secreting serous fluid.

Question 13

If a person is lying face up, which anatomical term best describes this position?

Accepted Answer

Supine

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct order of structural organization in the human body from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 15

A patient is diagnosed with a disease that affects the ability of cells to maintain boundaries. Which structure is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a transverse (horizontal) plane?

Accepted Answer

A plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

Question 17

A patient is experiencing a homeostatic imbalance due to excessive acid in the blood. Which term best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a necessary life function involving movement at the cellular level?

Accepted Answer

Contraction of smooth muscle to move food through the digestive tract

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the control (integration) center in a homeostatic control system?

Accepted Answer

It compares the input signal to the set point and determines the appropriate response.

Question 20

A patient is found to have a tumor in the mediastinum. Which of the following organs could be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Heart

Chapter 1: The Human Body – An Orientation

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards