Question 1

Which principle explains why the structure of the heart's muscular walls is essential for its ability to pump blood throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Principle of complementarity of structure and function

Question 2

A patient presents with inflammation of the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity. Which condition is most likely being described?

Accepted Answer

Peritonitis

Question 3

Which organ system is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels through negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine system

Question 4

A midsagittal plane divides the body into:

Accepted Answer

Equal right and left halves

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the law of mass balance in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

The total amount of a substance taken in must equal the amount lost.

Question 6

A surgeon needs to access the heart. Which cavity and serous membrane will they encounter first?

Accepted Answer

Ventral cavity and parietal pericardium

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin

Question 8

A patient has a hiatal hernia, where part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity. Which body cavity is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Ventral cavity

Question 9

Which anatomical term describes a structure that is farther from the origin of a limb to the body trunk?

Accepted Answer

Distal

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for life in humans?

Accepted Answer

Gravity

Question 11

A medical error occurs when a surgeon confuses right and left during a procedure. Which concept from anatomical terminology is most relevant to preventing such errors?

Accepted Answer

Use of anatomical position as a reference

Question 12

Which organ system is responsible for removing metabolic waste such as urea from the body?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts; physiology studies how they work.

Question 14

A patient is experiencing difficulty breathing due to low atmospheric pressure. Which survival need is being compromised?

Accepted Answer

Appropriate atmospheric pressure

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Protecting the body from environmental hazards

Question 16

Which division of anatomy would be most useful for studying the microscopic structure of tissues affected by cancer?

Accepted Answer

Histology

Question 17

A patient has pain in the right lower quadrant (RLQ) of the abdomen. Which organ is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Appendix

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the receptor in a homeostatic control mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Monitors the environment and responds to stimuli

Question 19

Which body plane would be used to produce a cross-sectional image of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Transverse (horizontal) plane

Question 20

A patient is unable to maintain a stable internal environment due to aging. Which concept is most directly related to this issue?

Accepted Answer

Homeostatic imbalance

Chapter 1: The Human Body – An Orientation (Marieb Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th Edition)

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