$\mathrm{ATP} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_i} + \text{energy for contraction}$

Question 1

Which connective tissue layer directly surrounds individual muscle fibers (cells) in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 2

A muscle that opposes the action of the prime mover is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Antagonist

Question 3

Which muscle is responsible for elevating the mandible during chewing?

Accepted Answer

Masseter

Question 4

The biceps brachii is classified as which type of muscle based on fascicle orientation?

Accepted Answer

Fusiform

Question 5

Which muscle acts as a fixator to stabilize the scapula during elbow flexion?

Accepted Answer

Rhomboids

Question 6

A patient presents with difficulty closing their eyes. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oculi

Question 7

Which of the following muscles is an example of a parallel muscle?

Accepted Answer

Rectus abdominis

Question 8

What is the primary action of the gluteus maximus?

Accepted Answer

Extends and laterally rotates thigh

Question 9

Which muscle is responsible for supination of the forearm?

Accepted Answer

Supinator

Question 10

A muscle that is entirely contained within a region, such as the hand, is called:

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic muscle

Question 11

Which equation best represents the conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{ATP} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_i} + 	ext{energy for contraction}$

Question 12

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexing the forearm at the elbow?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 13

Which of the following statements about muscle innervation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Spinal nerves innervate muscles below the neck

Question 14

Which muscle group is responsible for compressing the abdomen?

Accepted Answer

Transversus abdominis

Question 15

During a push-up, which muscle acts as the prime mover for elbow extension?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 16

Which muscle is involved in both elevating the scapula and flexing the neck?

Accepted Answer

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 17

A patient has difficulty abducting and medially rotating their femur. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus medius

Question 18

Which muscle inserts on the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon and is responsible for flexing the knee and foot?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the external intercostalis muscles?

Accepted Answer

Elevates ribs

Question 20

Which muscle is classified as a circular (sphincter) muscle?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oculi

Chapter 10: The Muscular System – Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions