Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three main functions of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input, integration, and motor output

Question 2

A patient touches a hot stove and quickly withdraws their hand. Which pathway is responsible for carrying the sensory information to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Afferent pathway

Question 3

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 4

Which neuroglia cell is most abundant in the CNS and plays a role in supporting neurons and controlling the chemical environment?

Accepted Answer

Astrocyte

Question 5

What is the primary function of microglial cells in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Defensive phagocytosis of microorganisms and neuronal debris

Question 6

Which cell type lines the cerebrospinal fluid-filled cavities of the CNS and may be ciliated to help circulate CSF?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cell

Question 7

Which neuroglia forms myelin sheaths around CNS nerve fibers?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 8

In the PNS, which cell is vital for regeneration of damaged nerve fibers and forms myelin sheaths?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Question 9

Which term describes a bundle of axons in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Tract

Question 10

A neuron with one axon and multiple dendrites is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Multipolar

Question 11

Which neuron type is most common in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar

Question 12

What is the effect of depolarization on the membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

It decreases the membrane potential, moving it toward zero and above

Question 13

Which equation best represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$ V_{m} = -70 \ 	ext{mV} $$

Question 14

Which of the following is true about graded potentials?

Accepted Answer

They are short-lived, localized changes in membrane potential

Question 15

A neuron receives a strong stimulus. What happens to the graded potential?

Accepted Answer

The voltage change increases and the current flows farther

Question 16

Which equation describes the decay of membrane potential with distance for graded potentials?

Accepted Answer

$$ V(x) = V_{0} e$$^{-x/\lambda}$$ $$

Question 17

Which neuron type transmits impulses from sensory receptors toward the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neuron

Question 18

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for mobilizing body systems during activity?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of the integration function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Deciding to withdraw your hand after touching a hot object

Question 20

Which cell type in the PNS acts like astrocytes by surrounding neuron cell bodies?

Accepted Answer

Satellite cell

Chapter 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions