Q: Which equation correctly represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

$$ V_{rest} = -70\ \text{mV} $$

Q: Which of the following equations best represents the rate of anterograde axonal transport?

$$ v_{anterograde} = 400\ \text{mm/day} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

To analyze and interpret sensory stimuli and determine an appropriate response

Question 2

A patient presents with progressive loss of motor function and is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following best explains the underlying mechanism of MS symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Immune-mediated attack on the myelin sheath in the CNS, resulting in inefficient saltatory conduction

Question 3

Which structural classification of neurons is most commonly found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neurons

Question 4

A toxin blocks voltage-gated calcium ion channels in the axon terminal. What is the most likely effect on synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitter release will be inhibited, preventing postsynaptic stimulation

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the myelin sheath is correct?

Accepted Answer

Myelinated axons conduct action potentials about 15-150 times faster than unmyelinated axons

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$ V_{rest} = -70\ 	ext{mV} $$

Question 7

A patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome is experiencing muscle weakness. Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune attack on the myelin sheath in the PNS

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization

Question 9

Which neurotransmitter is most important for excitatory transmission in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Question 10

A neuron receives simultaneous input from multiple presynaptic neurons, resulting in a combined effect at the trigger zone. What is this phenomenon called?

Accepted Answer

Spatial summation

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of astrocytes in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring neurons and blood vessels, regulating the extracellular environment, and assisting in blood-brain barrier formation

Question 12

Which of the following equations best represents the rate of anterograde axonal transport?

Accepted Answer

$$ v_{anterograde} = 400\ 	ext{mm/day} $$

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors?

Accepted Answer

They directly control the movement of ions when bound by a neurotransmitter

Question 14

A patient is prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for depression. What is the primary mechanism of action for this medication?

Accepted Answer

Increasing serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting its reuptake

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the all-or-none principle of action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials occur only if threshold is reached and proceed to completion

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of the refractory period during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

During the absolute refractory period, no additional stimulus can produce another action potential

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why action potentials propagate in only one direction along an axon?

Accepted Answer

The membrane behind the action potential is still in the refractory period

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter is released from type C sensory afferent fibers and is involved in pain and temperature transmission?

Accepted Answer

Substance P

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of microglia in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Acting as wandering phagocytes to clean up the environment in the brain

Question 20

Which of the following neural circuit types allows a single neuron to communicate with multiple parts of the brain or body?

Accepted Answer

Diverging circuit

Chapter 11: Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards