Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the somatic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Control of voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

Question 2

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for controlling all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 3

During which scenario would the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system become dominant?

Accepted Answer

While running from a dangerous animal

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a synapse?

Accepted Answer

A gap between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released

Question 5

A patient is unable to feel pain from internal organs but can still sense touch on their skin. Which type of neuron is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Visceral sensory neuron

Question 6

Which glial cell is primarily responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of microglia in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis of pathogens and debris

Question 8

A patient with multiple sclerosis experiences demyelination in the CNS. Which cell type is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 9

Which glial cell lines the ventricles of the brain and helps circulate cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cell

Question 10

Astrocytes perform all of the following functions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosing pathogens

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a visceral sensory neuron and a somatic sensory neuron?

Accepted Answer

Visceral sensory neurons transmit information from internal organs, while somatic sensory neurons transmit information from the skin, muscles, and joints.

Question 12

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the dominance of the parasympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

A person is digesting food after a meal in a calm environment.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Controlling skeletal muscle contraction

Question 14

A drug that blocks neurotransmitter release at the synapse would most likely result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Decreased communication between neurons

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why damage to oligodendrocytes can lead to impaired motor function?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that increase the speed of action potentials in CNS neurons.

Question 16

Which equation best represents the relationship between the speed of nerve impulse conduction ($$v$$), the presence of myelin ($$m$$), and axon diameter ($$d$$)? Assume $$m = 1$$ for myelinated and $$m = 0$$ for unmyelinated axons.

Accepted Answer

$$v = k \cdot (m + 1) \cdot d$$

Question 17

A patient presents with an infection in the CNS. Which glial cell type is most likely to increase in number to help fight the infection?

Accepted Answer

Microglia

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of ependymal cells in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They line the ventricles and help circulate cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct result of sympathetic nervous system activation?

Accepted Answer

Dilation of pupils

Question 20

A person is exposed to a stressful situation, and their body responds by increasing heart rate, dilating bronchioles, and inhibiting digestion. Which division of the nervous system is primarily responsible for these changes?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

Chapter 12 Nervous System Review – Step-by-Step Study Guidance

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards