$$\text{Tissue fluid} = \text{Blood plasma} - \text{Plasma proteins}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Regulates blood glucose levels by storing glycogen

Question 2

A patient develops edema after breast cancer surgery. Which lymphatic structure was most likely disrupted?

Accepted Answer

Axillary lymph nodes

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the formation of tissue fluid from blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Tissue fluid} = 	ext{Blood plasma} - 	ext{Plasma proteins}$$

Question 4

Which mechanism is most responsible for moving lymph from the abdomen to the thorax during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Low pressure in the thorax and high pressure in the abdomen

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of lacteals in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

They absorb dietary fats and transport them to the bloodstream

Question 6

A patient with a deficiency in complement proteins would most likely have impaired:

Accepted Answer

Inflammation and phagocytosis

Question 7

Which of the following cell types is most active in phagocytosis within the lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages

Question 8

Which statement about the thymus gland is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It produces hormones that stimulate T cell maturation

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence for lymph flow from the tissues to the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillary → Afferent lymphatic vessel → Lymph node → Efferent lymphatic vessel → Lymphatic trunk → Collecting duct → Subclavian vein

Question 10

Which immunoglobulin is most abundant in plasma and provides the majority of antibody-based immunity?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 11

A person exposed to a non-harmful antigen develops hives and asthma within minutes. Which hypersensitivity type is this?

Accepted Answer

Type I (Immediate-reaction) hypersensitivity

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT considered an innate (nonspecific) defense?

Accepted Answer

Antibody production

Question 13

Which process is responsible for preventing the accumulation of excess tissue fluid (edema)?

Accepted Answer

Hydrostatic pressure in interstitial spaces forces fluid into lymphatic capillaries

Question 14

Which of the following best explains species resistance?

Accepted Answer

Certain species lack receptors or have unsuitable environments for specific pathogens

Question 15

Which cell type is responsible for secreting perforins to lyse virus-infected or cancerous cells?

Accepted Answer

Natural Killer (NK) cells

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the spleen?

Accepted Answer

It filters blood and contains both white pulp (lymphocytes) and red pulp (RBCs, lymphocytes, macrophages)

Question 17

Which of the following is a direct effect of fever on the body’s defense against infection?

Accepted Answer

Elevates body temperature, inhibiting microbial growth and increasing phagocytosis

Question 18

Which of the following is required for activation of a lymphocyte to respond to an antigen?

Accepted Answer

Attachment of antigenic fragments to an antigen-presenting cell (APC) and display on MHC proteins

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of antibodies in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between innate and adaptive defenses?

Accepted Answer

Innate defenses protect against many types of pathogens, while adaptive defenses target specific antigens

Chapter 16: The Lymphatic System and Immunity – Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions