Q: Which equation correctly calculates hematocrit ($$Hct) $$given the volume of packed red blood cells ($$V_{RBC}) $$and total blood volume ($$V_{total}$$)?

$$Hct = \frac{V_{RBC}}{V_{total}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient presents with swelling in the lower limbs due to excess fluid accumulation. Which plasma constituent is most likely decreased, leading to this condition?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between plasma and serum?

Accepted Answer

Plasma contains clotting factors, serum does not

Question 4

A patient with sickle-cell anemia is likely to experience which of the following complications due to the abnormal shape of their erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of blood clots and vessel blockage

Question 5

Which equation correctly calculates hematocrit ($$Hct) $$given the volume of packed red blood cells ($$V_{RBC}) $$and total blood volume ($$V_{total}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$Hct = \frac{V_{RBC}}{V_{total}} 	imes 100$$

Question 6

Which hormone stimulates erythropoiesis in response to hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin

Question 7

A patient is diagnosed with leukopenia. Which of the following is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to infections

Question 8

Which of the following disorders is characterized by excessive destruction of erythrocytes, leading to increased bilirubin and jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Hemolytic anemia

Question 9

During hemostasis, which step involves the formation of a temporary platelet plug?

Accepted Answer

Platelet plug formation

Question 10

A patient with thrombocytopenia is at risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive bleeding due to low platelet count

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why isotonic solutions do not cause a change in RBC shape?

Accepted Answer

Osmotic pressure is equal inside and outside the cell

Question 12

Which of the following anticoagulants works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors?

Accepted Answer

Coumadin (warfarin)

Question 13

A patient is given a hypotonic IV solution. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will swell and may burst (hemolysis)

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm → Platelet plug formation → Coagulation

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of leukocytes?

Accepted Answer

Defending the body against pathogens

Question 16

A patient with polycythemia would most likely have which of the following laboratory findings?

Accepted Answer

Elevated hematocrit

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of fibrinogen in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to fibrin, forming the meshwork of a blood clot

Question 18

A patient with hemophilia is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged bleeding after injury

Question 19

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of plasma osmolarity ($$O_{plasma}) $$given sodium ($$[Na^+]$$), glucose ($$[Glucose]$$), and blood urea nitrogen ($$[BUN]) $$concentrations?

Accepted Answer

$$O_{plasma} = 2[Na^+] + \frac{[Glucose]}{18} + \frac{[BUN]}{2.8}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best explains the effect of dehydration on blood composition?

Accepted Answer

Increased hematocrit due to reduced plasma volume

Chapter 17: Blood – Structure, Function, and Hemostasis

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