Q: Which equation correctly calculates hematocrit ($$Hct) $$given the volume of packed RBCs ($$V_{RBC}) $$and total blood volume ($$V_{total}$$)?

$$Hct = \frac{V_{RBC}}{V_{total}} \times 100$$

Q: Which equation best represents the calculation of plasma volume ($$V_{plasma}) if $$total blood volume ($$V_{total}) $$and hematocrit ($$Hct) $$are known?

$$V_{plasma} = V_{total} \times \left(1 - \frac{Hct}{100}\right)$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypotonic compared to their plasma. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells (RBCs)?

Accepted Answer

RBCs will swell and may burst due to water influx

Question 3

Which plasma protein is most responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A hematocrit test reveals a value of 60%. Which condition is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 5

Which equation correctly calculates hematocrit ($$Hct) $$given the volume of packed RBCs ($$V_{RBC}) $$and total blood volume ($$V_{total}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$Hct = \frac{V_{RBC}}{V_{total}} 	imes 100$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow

Question 7

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is most likely to have which of the following laboratory findings?

Accepted Answer

Decreased hemoglobin concentration

Question 8

Which of the following disorders is characterized by excessive destruction of red blood cells, leading to increased bilirubin and jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Hemolytic anemia

Question 9

Which leukocyte is most abundant in a normal blood smear and is primarily responsible for phagocytosis of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 10

A patient presents with a platelet count of 50,000/µL (normal: 150,000–400,000/µL). Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Thrombocytopenia

Question 11

During hemostasis, which step immediately follows vascular spasm?

Accepted Answer

Platelet plug formation

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why aspirin acts as an anticoagulant?

Accepted Answer

It blocks platelet aggregation by inhibiting cyclooxygenase

Question 13

A patient with leukemia is likely to have which of the following findings?

Accepted Answer

Abnormally high number of immature white blood cells

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm → Platelet plug formation → Coagulation

Question 15

Which equation best represents the calculation of plasma volume ($$V_{plasma}) if $$total blood volume ($$V_{total}) $$and hematocrit ($$Hct) $$are known?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{plasma} = V_{total} 	imes \left(1 - \frac{Hct}{100}ight)$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a direct result of fibrinolysis after hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Dissolution of the blood clot by plasmin

Question 17

A patient with hemophilia is most likely to have a deficiency in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Clotting factors

Question 18

Which of the following best distinguishes serum from plasma?

Accepted Answer

Serum lacks clotting factors such as fibrinogen

Question 19

A patient develops edema due to low plasma protein levels. Which mechanism best explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Decreased plasma oncotic pressure leads to fluid movement into tissues

Question 20

Which of the following is a consequence of leukopenia?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to infection

Chapter 17: Blood – Structure, Function, and Hemostasis

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