$$\text{Fibrinogen} \rightarrow \text{Fibrin}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is the primary function of albumin in blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting substances

Question 2

A patient with type B blood receives a transfusion of type A blood. What is the most likely immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis due to anti-A antibodies attacking donor RBCs

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the composition of plasma?

Accepted Answer

92% water, 7% plasma proteins, 1% other solutes

Question 4

A hematocrit is calculated using the following formula. If a patient has 45 mL of packed RBCs in 100 mL of whole blood, what is their hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

45%

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of hormones

Question 6

Which plasma protein is essential for blood clot formation?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 7

A patient with anemia is likely to have which of the following laboratory findings?

Accepted Answer

Decreased hematocrit

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why erythrocytes (RBCs) have a biconcave shape?

Accepted Answer

To increase the cell's surface area to volume ratio for efficient gas exchange

Question 9

Which of the following is required for normal erythropoiesis (RBC production)?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids, iron, and vitamin B12

Question 10

A newborn develops hemolytic disease due to Rh incompatibility. Which scenario best explains this?

Accepted Answer

Mother is Rh negative, fetus is Rh positive, and mother has developed anti-Rh antibodies

Question 11

Which leukocyte is most abundant in normal blood and is primarily responsible for phagocytosis of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They form a temporary plug by adhering to damaged vessel walls

Question 13

During the coagulation phase of hemostasis, which sequence correctly describes the conversion of soluble plasma proteins to an insoluble clot?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Fibrinogen} ightarrow 	ext{Fibrin}$$

Question 14

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 15

A patient with a high white blood cell count and a fever is most likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytosis due to infection

Question 16

Which pathway is activated by tissue damage and involves tissue factor (Factor III) and Factor VII?

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic pathway

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of fibrinolysis?

Accepted Answer

Dissolving of the blood clot by plasmin

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of globulins in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Transport of ions, hormones, and lipids; immune function

Question 19

A patient with type AB blood is considered a universal recipient for RBC transfusions because:

Accepted Answer

They have no anti-A or anti-B antibodies in their plasma

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why a deficiency in vitamin B12 leads to anemia?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12 is required for DNA synthesis in developing RBCs

Chapter 19: Blood – Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

Study Guide - Practice Questions