Q: Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Acids donate hydrogen ions ($$\text{H}^+) in $$solution

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

An atom with a different number of neutrons than protons

Question 2

A patient is given radioactive iodine ($$^{131}	ext{I}) to $$diagnose thyroid function. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Using an isotope for medical imaging

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the major elements found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 4

Which type of chemical bond is the strongest?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 5

Which molecule is held together by a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2O$$

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 7.4. Which body fluid is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Blood plasma

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

It lowers the activation energy and speeds up the reaction

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of water in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Serves as a solvent for chemical reactions

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a buffer system in the blood?

Accepted Answer

It resists changes in blood pH by neutralizing added acids or bases

Question 10

The primary buffer system controlling blood pH is:

Accepted Answer

Bicarbonate buffer system

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between sodium and chloride in NaCl

Question 12

Which of the following best defines an electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A substance that dissociates into ions and conducts electricity in water

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-life example of a buffer system at work?

Accepted Answer

The lungs removing carbon dioxide to regulate blood pH

Question 14

Which of the following chemical reactions is a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A + B \rightarrow AB

Question 15

A molecule of glucose (C$$_6H$_{12}O$_6) is $$broken down into carbon dioxide and water in cellular respiration. What type of chemical reaction is this?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reaction

Question 16

Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

Acids donate hydrogen ions ($$	ext{H}^+) in $$solution

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a hydrogen bond?

Accepted Answer

A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom

Question 18

If a solution has a pH of 2, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

It is acidic

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating pH?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{pH} = -\log_{10}[	ext{H}^+]$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the valence number of an atom?

Accepted Answer

The number of electrons in the outermost shell

Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry for Anatomy and Physiology

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