Question 1

Which of the following elements makes up the largest percentage of body mass in humans?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 2

What is the correct definition of a compound?

Accepted Answer

A specific molecule that has two or more different kinds of atoms bonded together

Question 3

Which subatomic particle is responsible for the chemical properties of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Question 4

According to the octet rule, how many electrons do atoms seek to have in their valence shell to achieve stability?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 5

Which type of chemical bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 6

What is the main difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Polar bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons, while nonpolar bonds involve equal sharing

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a hydrogen bond?

Accepted Answer

An attraction between a hydrogen atom carrying a partial positive charge and an electronegative atom with a slightly negative charge

Question 8

Which chemical bond is the strongest according to Table 2.3?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 9

Which of the following chemical reactions is used in anabolic processes?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis reaction

Question 10

Given the reaction $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$, which molecule is oxidized?

Accepted Answer

Glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$)

Question 11

Which factor does NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Increasing particle size

Question 12

What is the main function of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy and increase the speed of reactions

Question 13

Which property of water allows it to absorb and release heat with little temperature change?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 14

What is the pH of a neutral solution such as pure water?

Accepted Answer

$$7$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct example of a buffer system in the body?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2CO_3 \rightleftharpoons $$HCO_3$$^- + H^+$$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about salts is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Salts dissociate into cations and anions in water and act as electrolytes

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct representation of a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that releases energy and has products with less potential energy than reactants

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a trace element in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct chemical equation for the neutralization of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

$$HCl + NaOH \rightarrow NaCl + H_2O$$

Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive – Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions