Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'matter' as it applies to Anatomy & Physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

Question 2

Which element is most abundant in the human body and is essential for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen (O)

Question 3

A patient presents with muscle cramps and irregular heartbeat. Blood tests reveal low levels of potassium. Which function is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Nerve impulse transmission

Question 4

Which of the following best explains the 'octet rule' in atomic structure?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their outermost shell.

Question 5

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 6

During digestion, the breakdown of sucrose into glucose and fructose is an example of which type of chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reaction

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the reversible reaction involved in the body's pH buffering system?

Accepted Answer

$CO_2 + H_2O \leftrightarrow H_2CO_3 \leftrightarrow HCO_3^- + H^+$

Question 8

Which physical state of matter in the human body is characterized by a fixed volume but no fixed shape?

Accepted Answer

Liquid

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 2. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

Strongly acidic

Question 10

Which mineral is essential for the structural integrity of bones and also plays a role in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Calcium (Ca++)

Question 11

If a patient’s blood pH drops to 7.2, which condition are they experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 12

Which of the following is a trace element in the human body, required in very small amounts for health?

Accepted Answer

Zinc (Zn)

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the conservation of matter in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Matter is neither created nor destroyed.

Question 14

Which of the following ions is most important for nerve impulse transmission?

Accepted Answer

Sodium (Na+)

Question 15

Which chemical reaction type is represented by the equation $AB + CD \rightarrow AD + BC$?

Accepted Answer

Exchange reaction

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of inorganic minerals in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of genetic material

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why pH must be maintained in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes require specific pH levels to function properly.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Question 19

A patient is experiencing alkalosis. What is the likely pH range of their blood?

Accepted Answer

$pH > 7.45$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of carbonic acid in the body?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a buffer to help maintain blood pH.

Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization – Inorganic Chemistry in Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions