$$\text{Hematocrit} = \frac{\text{Volume of RBCs}}{\text{Total Blood Volume}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 2

A patient receives a transfusion of type B blood but is type A. What is the most likely immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis due to anti-B antibodies in the recipient

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the composition of plasma?

Accepted Answer

Plasma is 90% water, with proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, hormones, and wastes

Question 4

A blood sample is analyzed and found to have a hematocrit of 40%. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

40% of the blood volume is made up of red blood cells

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 6

During hemostasis, which step involves the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin?

Accepted Answer

Coagulation

Question 7

A person with blood type O negative can safely receive which of the following blood types?

Accepted Answer

O negative

Question 8

Which white blood cell is most abundant and specializes in fighting bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 9

What is the primary function of platelets?

Accepted Answer

Stop bleeding by forming clots

Question 10

Which cell type is derived from a megakaryocyte?

Accepted Answer

Platelet

Question 11

A patient with a deficiency in fibrinogen would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty forming blood clots

Question 12

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Hematocrit} = \frac{	ext{Volume of RBCs}}{	ext{Total Blood Volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why red blood cells have a biconcave shape?

Accepted Answer

To maximize surface area for gas exchange and flexibility

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding serum?

Accepted Answer

Serum is plasma without clotting proteins

Question 15

Which process is stimulated by erythropoietin (EPO)?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoiesis

Question 16

A patient with an elevated eosinophil count is most likely suffering from which condition?

Accepted Answer

Parasitic infection or allergy

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence for erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Stem cell → proerythroblast → erythroblast → reticulocyte → erythrocyte

Question 18

Which white blood cell transforms into a macrophage and is involved in phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Monocyte

Question 19

A patient with Rh− blood receives Rh+ blood. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Immune response leading to agglutination

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of globulins in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Acting as antibodies and transporting substances

Chapter 20: The Cardiovascular System – Blood

Study Guide - Practice Questions