Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a surface barrier in the innate immune system?

Accepted Answer

Natural killer (NK) cells

Question 2

A patient presents with a wound that is red, swollen, hot, and painful. Which cardinal sign of inflammation is missing if the patient does NOT experience loss of function?

Accepted Answer

Impairment of function

Question 3

Which process describes the movement of neutrophils through capillary walls during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Question 4

Which antimicrobial protein is responsible for directly attacking microorganisms and amplifying the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

Complement protein

Question 5

A virus-infected cell releases interferons (IFNs). What is the primary effect of these IFNs on neighboring cells?

Accepted Answer

Trigger neighboring cells to produce proteins that block viral reproduction

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of fever in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Increases metabolic rate to speed up tissue repair

Question 7

Which cell type is most abundant and first to arrive at the site of infection during the innate immune response?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 8

During phagocytosis, what is the correct sequence of events after a phagocyte adheres to a pathogen?

Accepted Answer

Engulfment, fusion with lysosome, digestion

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of natural killer (NK) cells?

Accepted Answer

Induce apoptosis in virus-infected cells

Question 10

Which property distinguishes adaptive immunity from innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Ability to recognize specific antigens

Question 11

A patient with a genetic defect in complement proteins would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Impaired inflammatory response and increased susceptibility to infections

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a complete antigen?

Accepted Answer

Foreign protein with immunogenicity and reactivity

Question 13

Which equation best represents the relationship between capillary permeability and edema formation during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

$$Edema = \frac{Fluid_{exudate}}{Capillary\ resistance}$$

Question 14

Which step in phagocyte mobilization involves neutrophils moving through the walls of capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Question 15

Which of the following is a direct effect of complement activation?

Accepted Answer

Formation of membrane attack complex (MAC)

Question 16

Which immune response is responsible for attacking virus-infected cells and cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Cellular immunity

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

TLRs bind to pathogens and trigger release of cytokines

Question 18

A patient with a severe bacterial infection develops an abscess. What is the primary reason this abscess may need to be surgically drained?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of collagen fibers forms a wall around dead tissue

Question 19

Which of the following is a benefit of moderate fever during infection?

Accepted Answer

Sequesters iron and zinc needed by microorganisms

Question 20

Which equation best represents the process of antibody binding to antigens in humoral immunity?

Accepted Answer

$$Antibody + Antigen ightarrow Antigen	ext{-}Antibody\ Complex$$

Chapter 21: The Immune System – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards