Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the thymus in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where T cells complete their maturation.

Question 2

A patient presents with swelling in the left leg due to lymph accumulation. Which lymphatic structure is most likely obstructed?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic duct

Question 3

Which of the following statements about lymphatic capillaries is correct?

Accepted Answer

They originate as closed-ended tubes with a complete basement membrane.

Question 4

During an inflammatory response, which substances are released by mast cells, and what are their primary effects?

Accepted Answer

Histamine (thins blood) and heparin (prevents local clotting)

Question 5

Which property of adaptive immunity ensures that the immune system does not attack the body's own cells?

Accepted Answer

Tolerance

Question 6

A newborn receives antibodies from its mother via breast milk. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 7

Which immune cell is primarily responsible for immune surveillance, attacking virus-infected and cancer cells without prior sensitization?

Accepted Answer

Natural Killer (NK) cell

Question 8

A patient receives a rabies shot after being bitten by an animal. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 9

Which region of an antibody molecule is responsible for binding to a specific antigenic determinant site (epitope)?

Accepted Answer

Variable region

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct match between MHC class and the T cell type that recognizes it?

Accepted Answer

Class I MHC: recognized by CD8 T cells

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of costimulation in T cell activation?

Accepted Answer

T cell binds to a second site on the stimulating cell to move from antigen recognition to activation.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Producing T cells

Question 13

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is experiencing joint pain due to autoantibodies attacking connective tissues. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

An autoimmune disorder

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why fever can be beneficial during an infection?

Accepted Answer

It allows immune cells to move faster and inhibits the growth of some microorganisms.

Question 15

Which pathway is NOT involved in complement system activation?

Accepted Answer

Opsonization pathway

Question 16

Aging affects the immune system in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

T cell function declines and antibody levels do not rise as quickly.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence for B cell activation?

Accepted Answer

Sensitization in the nearest lymph node → Activation → Differentiation into plasma cell → Antibody secretion

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of artificially acquired active immunity?

Accepted Answer

Receiving a flu vaccine

Question 19

Chronic stress can depress the immune system primarily through the long-term secretion of which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoids

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the action of interferons in antiviral defense?

Accepted Answer

They trigger the production of antiviral proteins in the cytoplasm by second messengers.

Chapter 22: The Lymphatic System and Immunity – Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions