Q: Which equation best represents the relationship between antibody titer and time during a primary immune response?

Antibody titer increases slowly, peaks, then declines: $$\text{Antibody Titer}(t) = A(1 - e$$^{-kt}$$)$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

They absorb and transport lipids from the digestive tract.

Question 2

A patient presents with severe swelling in the lower limbs and impaired immune function. Which condition is most likely responsible, and what is the underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

Lymphedema; obstruction of lymphatic vessels preventing lymph drainage

Question 3

Which lymphatic duct collects lymph from the left side of the body superior to the diaphragm and all regions inferior to the diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic duct

Question 4

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ where T cells mature?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 5

What is the main function of the spleen in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Filtering blood to remove abnormal blood cells and immune responses to antigens in blood

Question 6

Which of the following statements about innate immunity is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is present at birth and does not distinguish between different threats.

Question 7

A person receives antibodies from their mother through breast milk. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 8

Which class of antibody is most abundant in plasma and can cross the placenta to provide passive immunity to the fetus?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 9

During an allergic reaction, which antibody class binds to mast cells and basophils, triggering the release of histamine?

Accepted Answer

IgE

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of complement protein C3b in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Enhances phagocytosis by opsonization and facilitates formation of membrane attack complex (MAC)

Question 11

A patient with chronic stress has increased glucocorticoid levels. What is the most likely effect on their immune system?

Accepted Answer

Depression of inflammation and reduced activity of phagocytes

Question 12

Which process describes the movement of phagocytes through capillary walls to reach infected tissues?

Accepted Answer

Emigration

Question 13

Which cell type is responsible for immune surveillance and destruction of abnormal cells, such as cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Natural killer (NK) cells

Question 14

Which of the following is a property of adaptive immunity that allows the immune system to respond more rapidly and effectively to subsequent exposures to the same antigen?

Accepted Answer

Memory

Question 15

Which equation best represents the relationship between antibody titer and time during a primary immune response?

Accepted Answer

Antibody titer increases slowly, peaks, then declines: $$	ext{Antibody Titer}(t) = A(1 - e$$^{-kt}$$)$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why a splenectomy increases the risk of bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

The spleen filters blood and mounts immune responses to blood-borne antigens.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the activation of cytotoxic T cells?

Accepted Answer

Antigen presentation by class I MHC → CD8 T cell activation → Release of perforins and lymphotoxins

Question 18

A patient develops an autoimmune disorder after a viral infection. Which mechanism best explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Self antigens resemble viral antigens, leading to confusion and attack on normal cells.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates the release of ACTH and increases body temperature

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the effect of aging on the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Reduced thymic hormone production, fewer helper T cells, and diminished immune response

Chapter 22: The Lymphatic System and Immunity – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards