$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{ATP}$$

$$\text{Pyruvate} + \text{NAD}^+ + \text{CoA} \rightarrow \text{Acetyl CoA} + \text{CO}_2 + \text{NADH}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary dietary sources of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Starch (grains and vegetables), sugars (fruits), and cellulose (fiber)

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 3

Which pathway is responsible for the breakdown of fatty acids to produce acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

Beta oxidation

Question 4

A patient is fasting and has low blood glucose. Which process is most likely to be active in the liver to maintain blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a product of the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 6

What is the main function of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To produce ATP by using energy from electrons transferred from NADH and FADH$$_2$$

Question 7

Which process converts excess glucose into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscles?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenesis

Question 8

If a person has a deficiency in the enzyme required for transamination, which metabolic process would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid metabolism

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 10

Which metabolic pathway is most active during the absorptive (fed) state?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenesis

Question 11

A patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is likely to have increased production of which molecule due to excessive fat breakdown?

Accepted Answer

Ketone bodies

Question 12

Which process describes the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids and glycerol?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 13

Which of the following statements about protein metabolism is correct?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids can be deaminated and used for energy production

Question 14

Which hormone stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis during the postabsorptive state?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of lipogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of triglycerides from glucose and amino acids

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the metabolism of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis $$\rightarrow$$ Krebs cycle $$\rightarrow$$ Electron transport chain

Question 17

Which process is responsible for the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenolysis

Question 18

Which of the following is a consequence of prolonged fasting?

Accepted Answer

Increased gluconeogenesis and ketone body formation

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Pyruvate} + 	ext{NAD}^+ + 	ext{CoA} ightarrow 	ext{Acetyl CoA} + 	ext{CO}_2 + 	ext{NADH}$$

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the absorptive and postabsorptive states is correct?

Accepted Answer

During the absorptive state, insulin promotes glucose uptake and storage

Chapter 24: Metabolism – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions