Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the male and female gonads?

Accepted Answer

To form gametes and secrete sex hormones

Question 2

During puberty, what change occurs in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis that allows for the onset of reproductive capability?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus becomes less sensitive to inhibition by sex hormones, increasing GnRH release

Question 3

Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH?

Accepted Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 4

What is the result of meiosis in the formation of gametes?

Accepted Answer

Gametes have half the number of chromosomes as somatic cells

Question 5

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for storing sperm until ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

Epididymis

Question 6

A patient presents with a painless, solid mass in the testis. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Testicular cancer

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the sustentocytes (Sertoli cells) in the seminiferous tubules?

Accepted Answer

Form the blood-testis barrier

Question 8

What is the role of androgen-binding protein (ABP) in spermatogenesis?

Accepted Answer

ABP keeps testosterone levels high near spermatogenic cells

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the chromosomal change during meiosis in humans?

Accepted Answer

$2n \rightarrow n$

Question 10

Which accessory gland produces a viscous alkaline fluid that makes up about 70% of semen volume and contains fructose?

Accepted Answer

Seminal gland (seminal vesicle)

Question 11

A man is unable to achieve an erection due to impaired nitric oxide (NO) release. Which physiological process is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Relaxation of penile vascular smooth muscle

Question 12

Which of the following is a consequence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty urinating due to urethral constriction

Question 13

What is the function of the acrosome in the sperm head?

Accepted Answer

Contains hydrolytic enzymes to penetrate the egg

Question 14

Which hormone exerts negative feedback on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary to regulate the HPG axis?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Question 15

Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic induced by testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Growth of facial and body hair

Question 16

A vasectomy involves cutting and ligating which structure?

Accepted Answer

Ductus deferens (vas deferens)

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why sperm must be kept separate from the rest of the body by the blood-testis barrier?

Accepted Answer

Sperm antigens are not recognized as 'self' by the immune system

Question 18

Which equation best represents the number of sperm produced daily by an adult male?

Accepted Answer

$\sim 5 	imes 10^8$

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of environmental exposure to estrogen-like compounds in males?

Accepted Answer

Blockage of male sex hormone action, leading to reduced fertility

Question 20

Which process increases genetic variability during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Random alignment of homologous pairs and crossing over

Chapter 27 Part A: The Reproductive System – Overview and Hormonal Regulation

Study Guide - Practice Questions