$$V_{m} \approx -70\ \text{mV}$$

Question 1

Which statement best describes the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

All living organisms are composed of cells, and cells arise only from pre-existing cells.

Question 2

A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Shrink as water leaves the cell by osmosis.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the glycocalyx?

Accepted Answer

Directly generating ATP for the cell

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents osmotic pressure ($$\Pi) $$according to van't Hoff's law?

Accepted Answer

$$\Pi = iCRT$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic structure with lipids and proteins able to move laterally.

Question 6

Which type of cell junction would you expect to find between epithelial cells lining the intestines, preventing leakage of digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 7

A patient receives an intravenous solution with an osmolarity of 300 mOsm/L. What will happen to their erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

They will remain unchanged.

Question 8

Which of the following is a major difference between primary and secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

Primary active transport directly uses ATP, while secondary active transport uses the energy from an ion gradient.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a symporter?

Accepted Answer

Sodium-glucose transporter moving both into the cell

Question 10

Which process is responsible for the movement of oxygen from the alveoli into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion

Question 11

Which equation best describes the rate of diffusion ($$J) $$according to Fick's law?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 12

Which organelle is NOT membranous?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 13

During DNA replication, what does 'semiconservative' mean?

Accepted Answer

Each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one new strand.

Question 14

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA synthesis?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of CAMs (Cell Adhesion Molecules)?

Accepted Answer

Facilitate cell-to-cell interactions and anchor cells to the extracellular matrix.

Question 16

Which step is NOT part of the G protein-linked receptor signaling pathway?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication is initiated

Question 17

Which of the following best describes apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

Programmed cell death

Question 18

Which process involves the engulfment of large particles by the cell membrane, forming a vesicle?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding the sodium/potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

It moves 3 sodium ions out and 2 potassium ions in per ATP hydrolyzed.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the resting membrane potential ($$V_{m}) of a $$typical neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{m} \approx -70\ 	ext{mV}$$

Chapter 3 Cell Biology Study Guide – Step-by-Step Guidance

Study Guide - Practice Questions