Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Cell Theory?

Accepted Answer

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells; the cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms; all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Question 2

Which of the following correctly matches the organelle with its function?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus – Stores, packages, and modifies proteins

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 4

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Which term best describes the tonicity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 5

Which of the following statements about passive transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

It includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.

Question 6

During protein synthesis, what is the correct sequence of events in translation?

Accepted Answer

Initiation, Elongation, Termination

Question 7

Which of the following best distinguishes between phagocytosis and pinocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis engulfs solid particles, while pinocytosis engulfs liquids.

Question 8

Which of the following is a difference between the coding and template strands of DNA during transcription?

Accepted Answer

The template strand is used to synthesize mRNA, while the coding strand has the same sequence as mRNA (except T is replaced by U).

Question 9

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink as water leaves the cell.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

They detoxify harmful substances like hydrogen peroxide ($\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}_2$).

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding active transport?

Accepted Answer

It requires energy in the form of ATP.

Question 12

Which organelle is responsible for the production of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Question 13

Which of the following best defines a malignant tumor?

Accepted Answer

A mass of cells that invades and destroys surrounding tissues and can metastasize.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocytosis and endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis moves substances into the cell, exocytosis moves substances out.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of microvilli?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a proto-oncogene?

Accepted Answer

A normal gene that can become an oncogene if mutated

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Question 19

Which of the following is a role of proteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Acting as enzymes

Question 20

A patient is exposed to a chemical that damages their lysosomes. Which cellular process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular digestion of waste and foreign material

Chapter 3: Cells, Membranes, Organelles, and Cellular Processes – Guided Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards