Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tissues?

Accepted Answer

It provides tensile and compressive strength, directs cell placement, and regulates cell survival.

Question 2

A patient with Marfan syndrome is at risk for which of the following potentially fatal complications due to defective elastic fibers?

Accepted Answer

Aortic rupture due to dilation of the aorta

Question 3

Which type of cell junction is most important for preventing the passage of macromolecules between adjacent epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight (occluding) junctions

Question 4

Which of the following epithelial tissues is best adapted for rapid diffusion of gases and is found in the air sacs of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 5

A gland that releases its product by exocytosis without losing any part of the cell is classified as which type of gland?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine gland

Question 6

Which of the following connective tissues is specialized for energy storage, insulation, and shock absorption?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Question 7

A tissue sample shows cells with multiple nuclei, striations, and voluntary control. Which tissue is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage lacks a blood supply and often heals by fibrosis.

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of neuroglial cells in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring neurons and blood vessels, and speeding up nerve impulse transmission

Question 10

A patient presents with a friction rub heard over the chest. Which membrane is most likely inflamed?

Accepted Answer

Serous membrane (serosa)

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of fibrosis during tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Formation of scar tissue by fibroblasts producing collagen

Question 12

Which of the following is a key difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the blood, while exocrine glands secrete through ducts to a surface.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the main function of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Form supportive networks that trap foreign cells and support tissue structure

Question 14

Which of the following tissues is most likely to undergo regeneration after injury?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 15

A biopsy reveals a single layer of tall, rectangular cells with nuclei near the base and microvilli on the apical surface. Which tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why vitamin C deficiency can impair tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C is required for fibroblasts to synthesize collagen.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of transitional epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Apical cells are dome-shaped when relaxed and squamous when stretched

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Carry out bone resorption by secreting hydrogen ions and enzymes

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of mucous membranes?

Accepted Answer

Line all body passages that open to the outside and secrete mucus

Question 20

A tissue sample from the trachea contains ciliated cells, goblet cells, and appears to have multiple layers but is actually a single layer. What is this tissue?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Chapter 4: Histology – The Study of Tissues

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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