Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the diffusion of fluids and solutes between cells, maintaining distinct tissue compartments.

Question 2

A patient presents with severe dehydration and skin that is dry and flaky. Which type of epithelial tissue is most likely affected, and what adaptation does it normally have to prevent this condition?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium; it normally contains filaments of keratin to resist dehydration.

Question 3

Which equation best represents the relationship between the rate of diffusion ($$R) $$across a simple squamous epithelium and the surface area ($$A) $$and thickness ($$T) of $$the epithelium?

Accepted Answer

$$R = \frac{A}{T}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Storing energy in the form of triglycerides

Question 5

A biopsy of a patient's kidney tubules reveals cells that are square in sectional view and have a central nucleus. Which type of epithelial tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 6

Which of the following cell junctions is most important for coordinating the contraction of cardiac muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 7

Which layer of the basement membrane is responsible for filtering the movement of proteins and other large molecules from the underlying connective tissue into the epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Basal lamina

Question 8

A pathologist observes epithelial cells lining the urinary bladder that change shape from cuboidal to squamous when stretched. What type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why simple squamous epithelium is found lining the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

It allows rapid diffusion of gases due to its thin, flat structure.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about desmosomes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They provide strong adhesion between cells and resist stretching and twisting.

Question 11

Which type of epithelial tissue is most likely to be found lining the stomach and intestines, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium; absorption and secretion

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the blood, while exocrine glands release secretions onto epithelial surfaces.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the endothelium, a type of simple squamous epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Reducing friction and controlling vessel permeability in blood vessels

Question 14

Which of the following epithelial types is best adapted for areas subject to repeated cycles of stretching and recoil, such as the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the polarity of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

The basal surface is attached to underlying tissues, while the apical surface faces the lumen or outside.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of hemidesmosomes in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They anchor epithelial cells to the basement membrane.

Question 17

A researcher is studying the permeability of an epithelial layer. Which property would most likely increase the rate at which substances cross the epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the thickness of the epithelial layer

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct pairing of epithelial type and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Simple cuboidal epithelium; secretion and absorption

Question 19

Which of the following statements about cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) is correct?

Accepted Answer

CAMs bind cells to each other and to extracellular materials, playing a key role in cell junctions.

Chapter 4: Tissues – Epithelial Tissue Structure, Function, and Classification

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