Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the passage of molecules and fluids between adjacent cells, maintaining selective permeability.

Question 2

A patient presents with a genetic disorder that affects the production of collagen fibers. Which tissue function is most likely to be compromised?

Accepted Answer

Resistance to tensile (pulling) forces in connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to epithelial tissue compared to connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Has polarity with distinct apical and basal surfaces

Question 4

A gland that releases its product by exocytosis without losing any part of the cell is classified as which type of gland?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals slowly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Chondrocytes produce antiangiogenesis factor, making cartilage avascular.

Question 6

Which of the following cell types is responsible for synthesizing and storing the brown pigment melanin in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Melanocyte

Question 7

A biopsy of a patient's tissue reveals a single layer of tall, closely packed cells with oval nuclei, some bearing microvilli. Which type of epithelium is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of gap junctions in cardiac muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow ions and small molecules to pass directly from one cell to another, enabling coordinated contraction.

Question 9

Which of the following connective tissue cell types is most likely to increase in number during an infection to perform phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages

Question 10

A patient has a tumor in a gland that releases hormones directly into the bloodstream. Which type of gland is affected?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine gland

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the main function of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Form a supportive network that stabilizes the positions of functional cells (parenchyma) within organs

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct pairing of epithelial tissue and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium – protection against abrasion

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissue is able to regenerate rapidly after injury?

Accepted Answer

It contains stem cells that divide frequently, especially near the basement membrane.

Question 14

A patient with a genetic defect in cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Increased permeability of epithelial barriers, leading to fluid leakage

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands are ductless and release hormones into interstitial fluid or blood, while exocrine glands secrete products onto surfaces through ducts.

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-life example of a tissue membrane that lines body cavities not open to the exterior and reduces friction between organs?

Accepted Answer

Serous membrane lining the pericardial cavity

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of mast cells in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate inflammation by releasing histamine and heparin.

Question 18

A tissue sample from the urinary bladder shows cells that change shape and appear both squamous and cuboidal depending on the degree of organ stretch. What type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why blood is classified as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It has a fluid extracellular matrix (plasma) and originates from mesenchyme.

Question 20

A patient with a deficiency in hyaluronic acid would most likely have problems with which aspect of tissue structure?

Accepted Answer

Binding of neighboring cells in connective tissue due to reduced proteoglycan function

Chapter 4: Tissues – Structure and Function in Anatomy & Physiology

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