Question 1

Which of the following best describes why viruses are considered obligate intracellular parasites?

Accepted Answer

They require host cell machinery to replicate their genome and produce new virions.

Question 2

A scientist is classifying a newly discovered virus. Which two major systems might they use for classification?

Accepted Answer

Baltimore classification and ICTV taxonomic classification

Question 3

Which of the following structures is correctly matched with its description?

Accepted Answer

Nucleocapsid: The association of viral capsid proteins with viral nucleic acid

Question 4

A virus with a rod-shaped capsid and single-stranded RNA genome is most likely classified as:

Accepted Answer

Helical virus

Question 5

Which of the following statements about viral genomes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Viral genomes can be linear or circular, and may be composed of DNA or RNA.

Question 6

During the multiplication of bacteriophages, what is the primary function of the tail fibers?

Accepted Answer

To mediate adsorption by attaching to bacterial surface proteins

Question 7

Which step in the multiplication of animal viruses is unique compared to bacteriophage multiplication?

Accepted Answer

Uncoating

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with a persistent viral infection that does not cause cell death but continuously produces virus. This infection is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Chronic

Question 9

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of prions compared to viruses?

Accepted Answer

Prions lack nucleic acid and are composed only of protein.

Question 10

A virus is found to have an RNA genome but replicates via a DNA intermediate. According to the Baltimore classification, to which group does this virus belong?

Accepted Answer

Group VI

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why animal cells lacking specific viral receptors are resistant to infection?

Accepted Answer

Viruses cannot attach and enter cells without the appropriate receptors.

Question 12

Which DNA virus is known to be the largest and is the causative agent of smallpox?

Accepted Answer

Poxvirus

Question 13

Which of the following RNA viruses is associated with rabies in humans?

Accepted Answer

Rhabdovirus

Question 14

A patient presents with cold sores that recur periodically. Which type of viral infection does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Latent

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of viral budding?

Accepted Answer

The virus acquires its envelope by exiting the host cell through the plasma membrane.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE regarding viroids and virusoids?

Accepted Answer

Virusoids require a helper virus, while viroids do not.

Question 17

Which of the following is a possible genotoxic effect of viral infection?

Accepted Answer

Initiation of cancer due to mutations in host DNA

Question 18

A virus is found to have a three-dimensional geometric capsid with 12 corners, 20 triangular faces, and 30 edges. This virus is best classified as:

Accepted Answer

Icosahedral

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the eclipse period during the lytic cycle of bacteriophages?

Accepted Answer

The period when no infectious phage particles are found in the host cell.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the replication of RNA viruses?

Accepted Answer

RNA viruses must provide their own polymerase for transcription.

Chapter 5: Viruses – Structure, Classification, and Multiplication

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