Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the shaft of their femur. Which part of the long bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 3

Which bone cell type is primarily responsible for bone resorption and contains more than 50 nuclei?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 4

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 5

During endochondral ossification, what is the first area of a long bone to ossify?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the composition of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

About 2/3 calcium phosphate and 1/3 collagen fibers

Question 7

A 12-year-old patient is diagnosed with rickets. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 8

Which type of bone is found in the roof of the skull and is formed by intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone

Question 9

What is the primary function of red bone marrow in adults?

Accepted Answer

Production of blood cells

Question 10

Which structure allows for the passage of blood vessels perpendicular to the central canal in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Perforating (Volkmann's) canals

Question 11

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for which type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

Compression fracture

Question 12

Which process describes the addition of new bone tissue to the outer surface of a bone, increasing its diameter?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the major mineral component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2$

Question 14

Which abnormal spinal curvature is described as an exaggerated thoracic convexity?

Accepted Answer

Kyphosis

Question 15

Which bone cell type is responsible for maintaining the protein and mineral composition of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 16

A patient with Marfan’s syndrome is likely to have which of the following skeletal features?

Accepted Answer

Tall stature and slender limbs

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why bones become thinner and weaker with age?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblast activity slows while osteoclast activity remains constant

Question 18

Which vitamin is necessary for osteoblast support and collagen synthesis in bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of a compound (open) fracture compared to a simple (closed) fracture?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of infection due to exposure of bone to the environment

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of trabeculae in spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

They align to resist stresses a bone experiences

Chapter 6: The Skeletal System – Structure, Function, and Cellular Anatomy

Study Guide - Practice Questions