Q: Which equation best represents the relationship for diffusion rate ($R$) across a membrane, given concentration difference ($ riangle C$), membrane area ($A$), and permeability constant ($P$)?

$R = P \times A \times \triangle C$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane in human cells?

Accepted Answer

It controls what enters and leaves the cell by acting as a semi-permeable barrier.

Question 2

A molecule of oxygen ($O_2$) moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across the cell membrane without assistance. What type of transport is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a basic structure of a human cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 4

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and may burst due to water entering the cell.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Question 6

Glucose is too large to enter the cell by simple diffusion. How does it typically enter the cell?

Accepted Answer

By using a carrier protein specific for glucose (facilitated diffusion).

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of active transport in cells?

Accepted Answer

Movement of $Na^+$ ions out of the cell using the Na+/K+ pump and ATP.

Question 8

What is the main difference between organic and inorganic chemistry in the context of cell biology?

Accepted Answer

Organic chemistry deals with compounds that contain carbon, while inorganic chemistry deals with compounds that do not contain carbon.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes an isotonic solution with respect to a cell?

Accepted Answer

Equal movement of water in and out of the cell, causing the cell to remain its normal size.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about passive diffusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

It occurs due to a difference in concentration across the membrane.

Question 11

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrink as water leaves the cell.

Question 12

Which of the following molecules can cross the cell membrane unassisted by simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($O_2$)

Question 13

Which equation best represents the relationship for diffusion rate ($R$) across a membrane, given concentration difference ($	riangle C$), membrane area ($A$), and permeability constant ($P$)?

Accepted Answer

$R = P 	imes A 	imes 	riangle C$

Question 14

Which of the following is a compound?

Accepted Answer

Water molecule ($H_2O$)

Question 15

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that:

Accepted Answer

It uses specific carrier proteins to transport molecules across the membrane.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why water can move across the cell membrane during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves through specific aquaporin channels from high to low concentration.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the Na+/K+ pump?

Accepted Answer

It requires ATP to move sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a molecule?

Accepted Answer

A group of two or more atoms bonded together.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a real-life application of osmosis in medicine?

Accepted Answer

Using an isotonic saline solution to prevent red blood cells from shrinking or swelling.

Question 20

Which statement about the movement of molecules across the cell membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

Large molecules require carrier proteins to cross the membrane.

Nurs 1002- Lab #2

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