Question 1

Which property of water allows it to help maintain a stable internal body temperature despite external temperature changes?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 2

A patient presents with an arterial pH of 6.8. Which of the following best describes the physiological state and its likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The patient is in severe acidosis and survival is unlikely.

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves readily in water?

Accepted Answer

Water's polar molecules surround and separate the Na+ and Cl- ions.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct example of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Glucose + Fructose $$\rightarrow$$ Sucrose + $$H_2O$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between carbons, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 8

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

pH = 4

Question 9

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy, allowing reactions to proceed faster.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Two fatty acids, one glycerol, and a phosphate group

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a DNA base with its complementary base?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with thymine

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why buffers are important in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

They resist abrupt changes in pH by binding or releasing hydrogen ions.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of eicosanoids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting and inflammation

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of ATP's role in the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides immediate energy for cellular work.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose + $$H_2O$$ $$\rightarrow$$ Glucose + Fructose

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of globular proteins?

Accepted Answer

Provide mechanical support and tensile strength

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process by which ATP is converted to ADP?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group is removed from ATP, releasing energy.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

They contain carbon and are covalently bonded.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific to their substrates?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes have active sites with unique shapes that fit only specific substrates.

Chemistry Comes Alive: Biochemistry for Human Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions