Question 1

Which of the following best explains why chemistry is fundamental to the study of Anatomy & Physiology?

Accepted Answer

Because all anatomical structures and physiological processes are based on chemical reactions.

Question 2

A patient is exposed to ionizing radiation during a medical imaging procedure. Which of the following best describes the effect of ionizing radiation at the atomic level?

Accepted Answer

It removes electrons from atoms, resulting in the formation of ions.

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct molecular formula for glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 4

A molecule of water ($$H_2O) is $$described as a polar molecule. What property of water molecules makes them polar?

Accepted Answer

Unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen atoms due to differences in electronegativity.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have only single carbon-carbon bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.

Question 6

A patient with blood pH of 7.2 is experiencing which condition?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 7

Which of the following is true regarding the atomic structure of an atom?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons equals the number of electrons, making the atom electrically neutral.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a buffer in the context of body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A chemical that resists changes in pH by binding or releasing hydrogen ions.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 10

A radioactive isotope of iodine is used to treat thyroid cancer. Why is this treatment effective?

Accepted Answer

Because the thyroid gland actively transports and metabolizes iodine, concentrating the radioactive isotope in the target tissue.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of phospholipids in cells?

Accepted Answer

They are the main structural component of cell membranes.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond formed between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about nucleic acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA stores the genetic code and is composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose.

Question 14

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$0.0001 g/L. $$What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Organic molecules contain both carbon and hydrogen, while inorganic molecules generally do not.

Question 17

A patient is suffering from alkalosis. Which of the following could be a possible cause?

Accepted Answer

Vomiting of acidic stomach contents

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a reversible chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightleftharpoons AB$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a trace element required by the human body?

Accepted Answer

Iron (Fe)

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The unique three-dimensional folded shape that determines the protein's function.

Chemistry Fundamentals for Anatomy & Physiology

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