Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structural difference between cilia and flagella in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Both cilia and flagella are anchored by centrioles and have a 9+2 microtubule arrangement, but cilia are short and numerous per cell, while flagella are long and usually singular.

Question 2

A patient with chronic smoking history is more likely to experience respiratory infections due to which effect on cilia?

Accepted Answer

Smoking paralyzes cilia, reducing their ability to move mucus and trapped pathogens upward.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the microtubule arrangement in a typical cilium or flagellum?

Accepted Answer

$$9 + 2$$

Question 4

Microvilli are essential for absorption in the digestive tract. Which structural feature allows microvilli to maximize absorption?

Accepted Answer

Presence of actin filaments that increase surface area.

Question 5

Which microscopy technique would be most appropriate for visualizing the fuzzy border created by microvilli on epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Compound light microscopy

Question 6

During tissue preparation for microscopy, dehydration is performed using alcohol. If a tissue is dehydrated using 95% alcohol, what is the percentage of water removed from the tissue?

Accepted Answer

$$95\%$$

Question 7

Which of the following epithelial tissue types is best suited for rapid exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 8

A histology slide shows a single layer of cube-shaped cells lining the kidney tubules. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 9

Which of the following is a key function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Movement of mucus via cilia

Question 10

A tissue sample from the skin shows multiple layers of flat, dead cells on the surface. Which type of epithelium is present?

Accepted Answer

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why transitional epithelium is found in the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

It allows the bladder to expand and contract as it fills and empties.

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

It separates epithelial tissue from underlying connective tissue.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the function of flagella in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Flagella enable sperm cells to swim through acidic environments in the female reproductive tract.

Question 14

A dental hygienist wears eye protection while cleaning a patient's teeth. This is an example of which type of protective mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Physical barrier

Question 15

Which of the following statements about microscopy techniques is correct?

Accepted Answer

Compound light microscopes are commonly used for general tissue observation.

Question 16

Which formula represents the number of chromosomes in a human sperm cell?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 23$$

Question 17

A tissue slide is not properly stained, making it difficult to distinguish cellular structures. What is the most appropriate action?

Accepted Answer

Return or redo the slide for accurate analysis.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of simple cuboidal epithelium in the kidney tubules?

Accepted Answer

Selective absorption and secretion

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason why SEM is preferred over TEM when only surface detail is needed?

Accepted Answer

SEM is less expensive and reveals three-dimensional surface details.

08/26 Lecture Cilia, Flagella, Microvilli, and Epithelial Tissue: Structure, Function, and Microscopy

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