Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the light reactions in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH

Question 2

During the Calvin Cycle, which enzyme catalyzes the addition of carbon dioxide to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco

Question 3

A mutation disables the sodium-potassium pump in a cell membrane. What immediate effect would this have on the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell would be unable to maintain its resting membrane potential

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins for the cell

Question 6

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink as water leaves the cell

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces two identical diploid cells, while meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid cells

Question 8

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 9

If an organism has a diploid number of 8 ($$2n=8$$), how many possible combinations of gametes can it produce due to independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

$$2^4 = 16$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about cancer cells is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells have uncontrolled cell division and can evade apoptosis

Question 11

Which of the following is a primary electron acceptor in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Plastoquinone

Question 12

What is the main purpose of cyclic photophosphorylation in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To generate additional ATP without producing NADPH

Question 13

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient through a membrane protein

Question 14

During cell signaling, what is the role of second messengers such as cAMP?

Accepted Answer

They amplify the signal from the receptor to target molecules inside the cell

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between benign and malignant tumors?

Accepted Answer

Malignant tumors can metastasize to distant sites, while benign tumors cannot

Question 16

Which process during meiosis increases genetic variation by exchanging segments between homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over

Question 17

A cell is observed to have condensed chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell. Which stage of mitosis is this?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 18

Which of the following best describes apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

Programmed cell death

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of tumor suppressor genes?

Accepted Answer

Repairing DNA and inhibiting cell cycle progression

Question 20

If a cell has a mutation in the gene coding for cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Cell cycle regulation

Comprehensive Review Questions: Photosynthesis, Cell Membrane, Cell Communication, Cell Cycle, Meiosis, and Cancer

Study Guide - Practice Questions