Question 1

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexing the forearm at the elbow joint, and what is its main origin and insertion?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii; origin: coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; insertion: radial tuberosity

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty elevating their shoulder. Which muscle is most likely affected, and what is its primary action?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius; elevates, retracts, and rotates the scapula

Question 3

Which muscle is NOT a muscle but is an important band of collagen fibers that extends along the lateral surface of the thigh and inserts on the tibia?

Accepted Answer

Iliotibial tract (IT Band)

Question 4

During forced expiration, which muscle contracts to depress the ribs?

Accepted Answer

Internal intercostals

Question 5

A runner complains of pain along the posterior aspect of the lower leg. Which muscle is most likely involved, and what is its insertion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius; insertion: calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Question 6

Which muscle is responsible for closing the eyelids, and what is its action?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oculi; closes the eyelids

Question 7

If a patient cannot flex their thigh at the hip, which muscle group is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Iliopsoas (Iliacus and Psoas major)

Question 8

Which muscle acts to abduct the arm and is commonly used in intramuscular injections?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 9

A patient has difficulty with chewing due to weakness in elevating the mandible. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Masseter

Question 10

Which muscle is involved in flexing the fingers and has both superficial and deep heads?

Accepted Answer

Flexor digitorum superficialis and Flexor digitorum profundus

Question 11

Which muscle is responsible for compressing the cheeks during blowing or sucking?

Accepted Answer

Buccinator

Question 12

A patient presents with lateral rotation of the thigh. Which muscle is primarily responsible for this action?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus maximus

Question 13

Which muscle is part of the rotator cuff and assists in abduction of the arm?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Question 14

Which muscle is responsible for flexing the wrist and is located on the lateral side of the forearm?

Accepted Answer

Flexor carpi radialis

Question 15

Which muscle is involved in extension of the knee and is part of the quadriceps femoris group?

Accepted Answer

Rectus femoris

Question 16

Which muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 17

Which muscle is responsible for compressing the abdomen and has fibers running horizontally?

Accepted Answer

Transversus abdominis

Question 18

A patient is unable to rotate their head to the opposite side. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 19

Which muscle is responsible for elevating the ribs during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

External intercostals

Question 20

Which muscle is responsible for flexing the leg at the knee and is part of the hamstring group?

Accepted Answer

Biceps femoris

Comprehensive Study Guide: Major Muscles of the Human Body (BIO 141)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards