$$4 \text{ O}_2 + 1 \text{ Hb} \rightarrow \text{Hb(O}_2)_4$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones for endocrine signaling

Question 2

A patient has a hematocrit of 60%. Which of the following best describes what this means?

Accepted Answer

60% of the blood volume is red blood cells

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why erythrocytes (RBCs) are biconcave in shape?

Accepted Answer

To increase the cell's surface area relative to volume for gas exchange

Question 4

A person with type AB blood is considered a universal recipient. Why?

Accepted Answer

They lack both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

$$4 	ext{ O}_2 + 1 	ext{ Hb} ightarrow 	ext{Hb(O}_2)_4$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the process of erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells

Question 7

A patient is experiencing hypoxia (low oxygen levels). Which hormone will likely increase in response?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct sequence in the stages of erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Hemocytoblast → Proerythroblast → Reticulocyte → Erythrocyte

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the fate of hemoglobin when old RBCs are destroyed?

Accepted Answer

Iron is stored as ferritin, and heme is degraded to bilirubin

Question 10

Which leukocyte is primarily responsible for fighting parasitic infections and modulating allergic responses?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophil

Question 11

A patient receives a mismatched blood transfusion. Which of the following is a likely immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis of donor RBCs

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They form a temporary plug by adhering to exposed collagen fibers

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of the three major steps in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm → Platelet plug formation → Coagulation

Question 14

Which of the following equations best represents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Fibrinogen} \xrightarrow{	ext{Thrombin}} 	ext{Fibrin}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why a person with type O blood is considered a universal donor?

Accepted Answer

Their RBCs lack both A and B antigens

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of albumin in blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining osmotic pressure

Question 17

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin K would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Impaired blood clotting

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of diapedesis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of leukocytes out of capillaries into tissues

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why mature erythrocytes cannot synthesize new proteins?

Accepted Answer

They lack a nucleus and organelles

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the hormone erythropoietin (EPO)?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to hypoxia

Comprehensive Study Notes: Blood (Anatomy & Physiology)

Study Guide - Practice Questions