Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for hematocrit percentage ($$HCT$$)?

$$HCT = \frac{\text{Volume of RBCs}}{\text{Total blood volume}} \times 100$$

Q: Which of the following formulas correctly calculates the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood?

$$\text{Oxygen-carrying capacity} = \text{Hemoglobin concentration} \times 1.34 \ \text{mL O}_2/\text{g Hb}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and tissues

Question 2

A patient has a hematocrit (HCT) value of 60%. Which of the following conditions is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A person with blood type AB negative ($$AB^-) $$can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

A negative ($$A^-)$$

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for hematocrit percentage ($$HCT$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$HCT = \frac{	ext{Volume of RBCs}}{	ext{Total blood volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 6

Which type of leukocyte is most numerous in the blood and is especially important in fighting bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 7

A newborn with Rh-positive blood is born to an Rh-negative mother. Which condition may develop if the mother has previously been sensitized to Rh antigen?

Accepted Answer

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis)

Question 8

Which of the following statements about platelets (thrombocytes) is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are fragments of megakaryocytes and help in blood clotting

Question 9

A patient with hemophilia A is deficient in which clotting factor?

Accepted Answer

Factor VIII

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why type O negative ($$O^-) $$blood is considered the universal donor?

Accepted Answer

It lacks both A, B, and Rh antigens, minimizing immune reactions in recipients

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in hemostasis after a blood vessel is damaged?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm → Platelet plug formation → Coagulation

Question 12

A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, and a low reticulocyte count. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Aplastic anemia

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of plasma proteins in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining osmotic pressure and buffering blood pH

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of fibrinogen in blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to fibrin, forming the meshwork of a blood clot

Question 15

A patient with sickle cell disease is most likely to experience which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Painful vaso-occlusive crises due to misshapen red blood cells

Question 16

Which of the following formulas correctly calculates the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Oxygen-carrying capacity} = 	ext{Hemoglobin concentration} 	imes 1.34 \ 	ext{mL O}_2/	ext{g Hb}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes agglutination in the context of blood transfusion?

Accepted Answer

Clumping of red blood cells due to antibody-antigen reaction

Question 18

Which of the following white blood cells is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

B-lymphocytes

Question 19

A patient with a total WBC count of 15,000 cells/mm$$^3 is $$most likely experiencing which condition?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytosis

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about artificial blood?

Accepted Answer

It does not require compatibility testing

Comprehensive Study Notes: Blood and Its Components (Cardiovascular System)

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