Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the Nernst equation for calculating the equilibrium potential of an ion across a membrane?

$E = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[\text{ion}]_{\text{out}}}{[\text{ion}]_{\text{in}}} \right)$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference in fiber length between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers.

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the lateral forearm. Damage to which terminal nerve of the brachial plexus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by preganglionic neurons in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 4

Which brain region is most directly involved in language comprehension?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's area

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the Nernst equation for calculating the equilibrium potential of an ion across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$E = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[	ext{ion}]_{	ext{out}}}{[	ext{ion}]_{	ext{in}}} ight)$

Question 6

Which of the following structures is found in the middle ear?

Accepted Answer

Malleus

Question 7

If a spinal nerve exits the vertebral column superior to the corresponding vertebra, which region of the spine is being described?

Accepted Answer

Cervical

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of the pia mater?

Accepted Answer

Closely adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, supplying blood to nervous tissue

Question 9

Which type of receptor is encapsulated and typically found in the skin for detecting pressure and vibration?

Accepted Answer

Pacinian corpuscle

Question 10

A lesion in Broca's area would most likely result in which clinical presentation?

Accepted Answer

Non-fluent, effortful speech with relatively preserved comprehension

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the generation of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization

Question 12

Which region of the cochlea is most sensitive to high-frequency sounds?

Accepted Answer

Base

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

Processing of emotions and memory

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between rods and cones in the retina?

Accepted Answer

Rods are for low-light (scotopic) vision; cones are for color and high-acuity vision.

Question 15

Which of the following is the primary neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 16

Which space in the meninges contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid space

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs)?

Accepted Answer

They hyperpolarize the postsynaptic membrane.

Question 18

Which of the following equations correctly represents Ohm's Law as applied to neuronal membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

$I = V \div R$

Question 19

Which taste bud region is most sensitive to bitter substances?

Accepted Answer

Back of the tongue

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the ventricular system?

Accepted Answer

CSF flows from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle, then to the fourth ventricle.

Comprehensive Study Notes: Nervous System, Sensory Organs, and Action Potentials

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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